CRACKED
HEELS

A cracked heel is a common foot problem. It occurs when dry, thick skin on the bottom of your heels cracks and splits.

About cracked heels

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In most cases, if the cracks are minor, it’s merely a nuisance and may be unattractive to look at, but if left untreated and the heel fissures become deeper, it can be painful to walk and may become infected.

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Causes & risk factors

There are several stages of developing a cracked heel. The first sign is the formation of dry, hard skin around the heel — these are called calluses. As you walk and put more pressure on the area, the fat pads under your heels expand, causing these calluses to start to develop small cracks.

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Other factors that can cause cracked heels include:

• Being on your feet for long periods of time, especially on hard floors

• Hard and unsupportive footwear, like open-back sandals, shoes and thongs

• Walking around barefoot as this provides no support for your feet

• Obesity

• Taking long, hot showers

• Chronic conditions such as diabetes

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Over time, the cracks will become deeper and they may begin to bleed. In severe cases, the cracks can lead to infection and if you are a diabetic, cracked heels can lead to diabetic foot ulcerations.

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Treating cracked heels

If your condition is minor, start by moisturising your heels 2-3 times per day to help relieve your symptoms. You can use a pumice stone prior to moisturising, to remove any hard, dead skin that may prevent the moisturiser from sinking in effectively.

After a week of general foot care, if your symptoms persist, it may be time to consult one of our podiatrists. They may recommend or administer a combination of the following treatments:

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• Mechanical debridement of the thick calluses/fissures using a scalpel blade to reduce the amount of skin build up.

• Dermal foot balm for skin nourishment and moisture. This is similar to a moisturiser, but uses urea, an extra ingredient that substantially increases effectiveness.

• Appropriate footwear that cushions the heel pads

• Foot and ankle strapping to place bandages/dressings around the heel to reduce skin movement

Prevention

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There are a number of approaches you can take to prevent yourself from getting cracked heels:

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• Use a thick moisturiser, such as a high urea-based moisturiser, to moisturise your heels and feet (not between the toes) daily to keep the skin hydrated and smooth.

• Inspect your feet daily to look out for any early signs that cracks could be developing.

• Wear appropriate and supportive footwear when possible, that doesn’t encourage dry skin to develop — avoid thongs, bare feet or open-back sandals.

• Wear stockings and good quality socks when possible.

• Avoid standing for long periods of time.

• Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated.​